小Baby同样有“恋物情结”

导读：宝宝恋物就是一种成长过渡期的依恋行为，是宝宝从“完全依恋”转为“完全独立”的过渡期间所产生的行为。宝宝产生依恋行为的时间，绝大多数发生在6个月大至3岁之间，其恋物表现在2岁时最为强烈。为什么宝宝会迷恋这些物品呢？因为它们是宝宝心理安全感的依靠，尤其在白天变成黑夜、宝宝想睡又怕失去知觉时，不安全感就会大大增加，此时某些物品对宝宝来说就非常重要。

有许多宝宝会对小包被、小抱枕、绒布熊等很有质感的用品“上瘾”，这些东西很多时候都已经成为孩子生活中的重要的一部分，有许多都扮演着陪睡的角色。面对孩子的恋物情结，看看儿童教育专家怎么说？

一、宝宝恋物为寻求安全感

简单地说，宝宝恋物就是一种成长过渡期的依恋行为，是宝宝从“完全依恋”转为“完全独立”的过渡期间所产生的行为。宝宝产生依恋行为的时间，绝大多数发生在6个月大至3岁之间，其恋物表现在2岁时最为强烈。为什么宝宝会迷恋这些物品呢？因为它们是宝宝心理安全感的依靠，尤其在白天变成黑夜、宝宝想睡又怕失去知觉时，不安全感就会大大增加，此时某些物品对宝宝来说就非常重要。

那么，都是什么样的物品最容易让宝宝迷恋呢？大部分是柔软的物体，是可以让孩子拥抱、享有绝对操控权的物品，比如他们经常玩的绒布玩具、经常用的杯子、经常盖的小毛毯等。

二、5种最容易让宝宝依恋的物品

乳房、奶瓶

吃是宝宝最基本的生存需求，一旦这种需求无法得到满足，那么宝宝就会对与吃有关的物品格外关注，进而寻找一种替代性的满足，比如乳房、奶瓶等。

指头、玩具或拳头

当宝宝要寻求自己能够完全掌控的物体，以此来寻求心理上的安全感时，指头、玩具或拳头便成为最好的选择。伴随着小宝宝对基本需求的生理满足，这些物品也将让小宝宝更加愉悦，尽快把糟糕的负面情绪排解掉。

毛毯

在宝宝最容易迷恋的物品中，毛毯也许是仅次于奶瓶的第二大户，而且必须是那种长期使用的、稍微有些破旧的毛毯。是什么给了毛毯如此大的魅力？这不仅因为它上面有宝宝熟悉的味道，还因为毛毯能带来温暖的触觉联想，而且摩搓毛毯的声音又能联想到妈妈的轻柔细语。

柔软物品

除了那些能带来熟悉味道的物品之外，宝宝对某些物品的触感也非常在意，因为这种感觉能传达出令人心安的讯息，比如安抚性奶嘴、奶瓶、毛巾、被子、枕头、玩偶、手套等。看到有那么多宝宝喜欢拿软毛玩偶在脸上摩擦玩耍，您就知道柔软物品是多么受欢迎啦。

照顾者的身体

除了具体的单个物品之外，主要照顾者的身上部位也常成为宝宝一再光顾的地方，如耳朵、手、头发等，甚至有些妈妈必须保持固定的头发长度，这样宝宝才能安心玩着头发入睡。

三、如何看待宝宝恋物

宝宝依恋物体的情形因人而异，有些宝宝恋物的时间很短，而有些宝宝则能一直持续到上小学时。另外，虽然有些宝宝已经基本不再恋物，但是某些突发事件却可能激化宝宝的焦虑状态，让他再度退缩到不安全的状态，进而重新恋物。比如生活环境的巨大改变、父母离异、遭受暴力侵犯、与亲人生离死别等。尤其是那些生病住院的幼儿，更是需要熟悉的物体作伴。

据张学龄医师回忆说，曾经有一位做骨髓移植手术的宝宝，一住院就显得焦躁不安，根本无法配合治疗。直到家长把宝宝的日常用品送来之后，比如枕头、棉被、玩具等，他的状况才有明显缓解。这时就能看出恋物的积极作用，因为住院对宝宝来说不仅有着生理上的疼痛，还要与熟悉的亲人分离，如果能有自己熟悉的物品作伴，那就相当于一种心理治疗，有助于提升宝宝的自我适应能力。

一般来说，只要宝宝对物品的迷恋程度没有影响到生活作息，那么家长就无需过度担心。除非是宝宝的依恋行为变成了极端状态，几乎要把依恋物品24小时带在身边，那就要引起高度重视了。比如奶嘴，如果只在宝宝哭闹不休时拿来使用一下就可以，一旦宝宝经常口含奶嘴不放就麻烦啦，这不仅容易造成门牙突出变形，而且也很容易产生蛀牙。更何况嘴巴里整天塞着奶嘴，宝宝就不愿意开口，学习说话的进展也会很缓慢。

依恋期因人而异

随着宝宝成长环境的不同，对于物体的依恋程度也出现明显差异，其关键在于宝宝所处的环境以及主要照顾者的忍受、认知能力。

乳房的依恋——约至2岁

宝宝咬乳房的目的不一定是饿，有时只是一种情绪反应，“咬”的动作成为替代语言的工具。到了2岁以后，随着宝宝开始学习语言、能够表达情绪，这种情况将会慢慢戒除。

奶嘴、奶瓶的依恋——可至3～4岁

长时间咬奶嘴、奶瓶，将影响宝宝上下腭的咬合度、牙齿发展以及语言学习。当进入语言能力发展期之后，最好尽快戒除。

玩偶的依恋——可至6～8岁

如果宝宝坚持随身携带玩偶，否则就拒绝出门或上学，甚至为此在学校与同学争吵、阻碍人际关系发展时，请家长及时介入，帮助宝宝改掉这个习惯。

四戒除宝宝的恋物情结

随着宝宝年龄越来越大，总是有一件事让妈妈感到烦恼，那就是宝宝依旧对某些物品十分迷恋，甚至到了寸步不离的程度。为什么宝宝会迷恋这些物品？什么样的物品最容易让宝宝迷恋？该不该戒除宝宝这种习惯？又应该如何去戒除呢？

对许多父母来说，要抽掉宝宝的奶嘴、旧毛毯巾、枕头，那可是一项艰巨的工程。善良的出发点总是换来宝宝的哭闹不休，然后又跌进妥协的深渊。究竟怎么改掉宝宝的恋物习惯呢？首先，大人不要对这种习惯感到奇怪，宝宝眷恋他朝夕相处的物品属于正常现象，千万不要让宝宝觉得自己的举止是不对的。在宝宝逐渐走向独立的时候，这些物品是提供安全感的拐杖。

戒除守则1：避免强制性戒除

这是张学龄医师特别告诫的一个要点，大家可以参考以下3个渐进式戒除方法。

方法一：小布块随身带

将旧棉被切一块布料，让小宝宝带在身上，尤其适合已上幼儿园的宝宝。

方法二：多买一件

不论是毛巾、小棉被还是小枕头，当发现宝宝有特别依恋的现象时，不妨把一模一样的东西多买一件，方便替换清洗，维持基本的卫生清洁。

方法三：多找替代品

用其他宝宝感兴趣的东西来转移注意力，多找一些替代品。如果喜欢的东西太多，宝宝的恋物习惯就难以维持，也就更难对某一件物品保持强烈的依恋。

TIPS：处理不当易造成创伤

在经过适当的处理之后，宝宝正常的依恋行为并不会影响到人格的正常发展。可是一旦处理不当，幼童时期遭遇到了挫败，则会给宝宝的成长留下不可磨灭的阴影，如被迫与依恋物分离等。在帮助宝宝克服恋物习惯时，有些家长喜欢采用比较强硬的手段，比如涂抹辣椒让宝宝戒除奶嘴等，结果反而得不偿失，遭到宝宝更强烈的反抗。因此，在帮宝宝戒除依恋行为时，请务必注意方式方法，以免节外生枝。

戒除守则2：为依恋物举行告别仪式

在帮宝宝戒除恋物习惯时，父母的态度一定要一致。不妨与宝宝一起举行戒除仪式，如戒奶嘴告别仪式，请宝宝用口述或画图方式，跟奶嘴真正说byebye，一起把奶嘴收起来、埋起来，甚至是火化或丢掉，消灭一切会让宝宝思念奶嘴的可能性。

同时，父母不妨适时给予宝宝奖励，或协助宝宝开发其他兴趣，陪伴他，鼓励他勇于探索，寻找其他更美好、更有趣的事物。或者分配一些小任务给宝宝，加强他的责任感和荣誉心，这对戒除恋物习惯也很有帮助。

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Baby为什么会有不良行为?

导读：幼儿的道德判断是在与成人交往的过程中逐步学会的。凡是成人表示赞许并说“好”、“乖”的行为，宝宝便认为是好的行为；反之，凡是成人表示斥责并说“不好”、“不乖”的行为，宝宝便认为是坏的行为。

幼儿的道德判断是在与成人交往的过程中逐步学会的。凡是成人表示赞许并说“好”、“乖”的行为，宝宝便认为是好的行为；反之，凡是成人表示斥责并说“不好”、“不乖”的行为，宝宝便认为是坏的行为。因此“好”、“不好”是宝宝最初的道德判断中的两大类别。3岁的宝宝已经能把人分为两类：好人和坏人，例如说，警察叔叔是好人，“小偷”是坏蛋。

l岁宝宝还没有道德的判断，也不可能有意地做出什么道德行为。宝宝的道德行为和道德判断是在掌握语言以后逐步产生的。当宝宝在日常生活中做出良好的行为的时候，成人就有愉快的表情并且用“好”、“乖”这些词给予奖励；当宝宝做出不良的行为的时候，成人就有不愉快的表情，并且用“不好”、“不乖”这些词给给予批评。在这样的过程中，宝宝逐渐养成一定的道德习惯，以后再遇到类似的场合，宝宝就能不加迟疑地做出合乎道德要求的行为来。而对于不合道德要求的行为，则会采取一种否定的态度。

幼儿的道德判断是在与成人交往的过程中逐步学会的。凡是成人表示赞许并说“好”、“乖”的行为，宝宝便认为是好的行为；反之，凡是成人表示斥责并说“不好”、“不乖”的行为，宝宝便认为是坏的行为。因此“好”、“不好”是宝宝最初的道德判断中的两大类别。3岁的宝宝已经能把人分为两类：好人和坏人，例如说，警察叔叔是好人，“小偷”是坏蛋。

但宝宝的道德判断和道德行为还是比较简单的，不能对他们提过高的要求。宝宝还不可能掌握抽象的道德原则，成人只能用简单明了而具体的事例来使宝宝知道什么是好的，什么是不好的。宝宝的道德判断和道德行为也是不稳定的，经常需要成人加以鼓励和督促。比如，当宝宝看见别的孩子折花的时候，他会说：“妈妈说的，折花就是不乖。”但是也可能过了一会儿，他自己也忍不住地折起花来。

总之，在幼儿期要用合乎宝宝年龄特征的方法来培养宝宝正确的道德判断和良好的道德行为，同时也不要要求太严，期望过高。

Christmas baby sentences

1. The snowflakes all over the sky fall silently, bringing good luck and good luck.My blessings are conveyed by the snowflakes, and my love slowly melts around you.Christmas is here, I wish you happiness and good health forever!

2. Christmas is here, quickly open the chimney and wash the socks. Put your phone in your socks on Christmas, don’t turn off the phone.I'll tell Santa your number, and the Christmas blessing you will receive: Merry Christmas!

3. The night of peace comes quietly, make a wish under the Christmas tree, send text messages to bring thoughts, and bring blessings to you. May you have good luck, be healthy every year, be happy every day, and be safe forever.

4. There are two ways to receive Christmas gifts this year. The first is: the traditional method, which requires chimney and socks.The second type: modern method: a mobile phone that can receive text messages is needed.I chose the second one for you without hesitation, so I wish you a Merry Christmas.

5. Winter is here, and the cold is running towards you; Christmas, I really miss you, and I stop all the time; my dear lover, Christmas is here, I wish you a happy Christmas!Be happy all your life.

6. The stars are shining with candlelight, I wish you happiness and happiness; the ding ding ding ding ding ding ding cherry bells are auspicious; the message is short and the friendship is long, I wish my friends good health; I wish you good luck every day, I wish you a happy Christmas.

7. Christmas is here. I will send you a Christmas tree that wishes you everything to your heart and everything goes well; I will send you a sweet apple that will keep you safe every year and smooth sailing; I will send you a warm and good blessing, wishing you happiness, worry-free, happiness and health!

8. A affectionate blessing, wish you a Merry Christmas, a simple greeting, wish you auspicious Christmas, a good message, wish you a happy Christmas, peace and peace accompany you all the way, wish you a healthy Christmas, Christmas Day, happiness comes, and peace and happiness.

9. There are no worries on Christmas, only happiness comes; there is no sorrow on Christmas, only happiness; there is no pain on Christmas, only happiness; there is no pressure on Christmas, only easy transmission. I wish you a good mood on Christmas.

10. Make a secret wish, hoping that Santa Claus will give you to me on Christmas night.

11. I climbed through the chimney and through the window; pulled through the sled and stepped through the frost; hung gifts and put on makeup; dressed up as an old man and sent blessings: I wish you happiness and peace; good luck and good things to come true; enjoy peace on Christmas Day.

12. I ask Santa Claus to bring you gifts, including peace, happiness, happiness, success, auspiciousness, health, luck, and wealth. I wish you joyful, sweet smiles, joyfulness, and everything will be round every day.Merry Christmas!

13. The Christmas tree is full of happiness, the Christmas stockings are full of surprises, the Christmas songs are singing happiness, and the Christmas bells are filled with wishes.The whole family reunites on Christmas, sings happiness, enjoy life, happy times, and perfect memories!

14. It rained a little today. My mother brought me Christmas fruits from the church and gave me my feelings to my friends from afar. This is my Christmas.It is still hard to say whether you are happy or not.I hope the next Christmas will be covered with heavy snow.

15. My greetings are delivered with the bell at midnight, and my text messages arrive immediately with the singing. My blessings are the first to send to you in the new year. I wish you all the best in the new year, good luck and a happy New Year!

16. The bells break through the tranquility, joy ripples everywhere, and another white Christmas, how desirable.Merry Chrismas!

17. The warm air on Christmas night: the halo of the moon, the bells, the shadow of the lights and my little wish; it conveys the message of the festival: purity, safety, and joy!

19. I send you a greeting, a blessing, a concern, a thought, and a heart. Let them combine to form a beautiful picture, beautiful your life, beautiful your mood, and happiness on Christmas. I wish you happiness!

20. The moonlight is hazy in the night, and I have so much longing for Christmas.I long for the long flowing water in the south of the Yangtze River and the fragrance of rice flowers in the ten miles.The northern desert of the border has returned thousands of miles away, and they drove together and flew on the grass.The moon rises in the west and falls in the east, and the love is sweet and sweet.On Christmas, I wish you peace and happiness!

21. Christmas is here, and Santa Claus sends gifts, prayers and blessings in the hidden treasures, and the gods will help you realize it early.I wish you a Merry Christmas, a good mood every day, and happiness always surrounds you.

22. On Christmas, Santa Claus will become the God of Wealth, the Christmas tree will become a money tree, the Christmas gift will become a pickup card, and the hymn will become a spell for sesame to open the door.The treasure house of friendship has been opened for you, take out the treasure pot of happiness and gather wealth!

23. Listen, the sound of Santa Claus's sleigh; look, the blooming of fireworks in the sky; smell, the deliciousness of turkey; taste, the elegance of quiet tea.On Christmas Eve, pray for happiness and let peace accompany you. May you be happy for a lifetime!Be happy every day and everything goes well!

24. Christmas is here to wish my friends that I have a lot of wealth and a lot of wealth and a lot of life and a long life and a lot of life and a lot of life and a good life and a good life and a good life and a good life.May the "holy" benefit always belong to you!

25. The breeze blows, I wait for you in the wind; the sunset is setting, I wait for you on the roadside; the leaves are yellow, I wait for you under the tree; it's Christmas, I wait for you by the chimney; you give me your love, and I am my Santa Claus!Merry Christmas!

26. It will be Christmas again. Whether you are carnival or lonely alone, wine is a warm and romantic company.

27. When the Lord embraces me, no matter how deep the pain is, it will disappear; when the Lord looks at me, no matter how long the grievance is, it will be released!Merry Christmas!

28. Every snowflake in Christmas is a letter from winter.

29. In this cold winter, you can celebrate Christmas without snowflakes, even if you are not romantic. With blessings, you will feel warm even if you are cold winter. I am making a wish on Christmas Eve, may happiness be with you for the rest of your life, and may your gifts be piled up like a mountain.Merry Christmas, friends!

30. Fate is the continuation of feelings at the end of one's death in the previous life, fate is the unchanging vow before the cycle of reincarnation in this life, fate is the agreement of happiness that you and I have said, and fate is a beautiful dream that can still meet when you are a human being!

31. The snowflakes of Christmas bring white good luck, the candlelight of Christmas illuminates the beautiful mood, the bells of Christmas are warm and romantic, and the fireworks of Christmas are brilliant and happy eyes. May Christmas blessings be happy, and your hearts be happy!

32. Autumn goes and winter comes. Although the weather is cold, the heart is extremely warm. You are the sun in my heart, you are my favorite. Christmas is here. I wish you a happy holiday! I wish you love each other for the rest of your life!

33. The Christmas tree is decorated with beautiful stars, Christmas fireworks bloom in beautiful colors, Christmas bells play happy notes, Santa Claus gives you good luck, and Christmas text messages bring you the most happiness.

34. Night falls, snowflakes fall, neon lights, blessings rise, gifts fly, my blessings come with Santa Claus: I wish you a happy Christmas Eve, endless joy on Christmas Day, and good luck in the New Year!

35. Smile at night, have a good sleep, smile in the morning, live a romantic life all day, smile after work, the whole house is happy and lively, smile when you are worried, forget all your worries, wish you a happy Christmas, and smile always.

36. For those who want to give me gifts on Christmas, you should be exempted from gifts. Just give me money. It’s simple and crude, I like it!

37. May this strong Christmas smell surround you and wish you a Merry Christmas!

38. We go to dinner on Christmas Eve, we go to sing on Christmas Eve, and we go to dance on the carnival night!I want us to be together!!

39. What is it about someone giving you an apple on Christmas Eve? I am happy that I buy a box to reward you!

40. Who is the most popular on Christmas?He surpassed Liu Xiang's speed, was as tall as Yao Ming, was handsome than Tian Liang, wealthy as Wu Zi, and his girlfriend was more handsome than Jingjing.Who else is you who read the text message!Merry Christmas!

41. The white snow is fluttering and the deer bells are knocking, and the sweet Christmas Eve is here again. How beautiful is a happy Christmas!Love is silent, love is eternal, dear, Merry Christmas!

42. It’s Christmas, I can’t afford to give you any valuable gifts, so I have to entrust Santa Claus to send my heart to you. You must keep it well after receiving it. That’s my sincerity.Happy Christmas, baby!

43. Every snowflake falls, every fireworks ignite, every second of time flows, every thought conveying represents every blessing I want to send you: Happy Christmas, Romantic Christmas Eve prayers, Christmas wishes, New Year's blessings, entrusted to the stars in the sky, bringing you my sincere greetings: Happy friends!hapiness!

44. Walking on the street, there are few people, only the white clouds in the sky are swaying, and the air is filled with the melancholy of parting.The child said, today is Christmas and your birthday, so be happy!

45. I want to say what I think when you are happiest. On the romantic Christmas, my chance finally comes - you are like a pig when you are happy, and more like you are angry!

46. ​​I offer a heart of blessings. On this special day, I wish you happiness, good luck, happiness, flowers, and all the good wishes to be with you. Merry Christmas, my dear teacher!

47. On Christmas, I wish you: to give birth to happiness and dilute worries; to give birth to warmth and dilute troubles; to give birth to smoothness and dilute ups and downs; to give birth to happiness and dilute troubles; to give birth to health and dilute illnesses; to give birth to peace and dilute sorrows; to wish you happiness and freedom!

48. The warm Christmas is here, I will give you a Christmas tree. The roots are planted with my sincerity, the trunks are filled with my longing, the branches are filled with my wishes, the leaves are filled with my heart, and the branches are filled with lush Christmas tree. I wish you a happy Christmas!

49. Christmas, on such a wonderful day, I hope my thoughts can melt your thoughts.

50. I will give you a Christmas sleigh and carry you with happiness.I send you Christmas elk, good luck and happiness.I give you a Christmas Red Hat, and the blessings shine on your head.On Christmas, I wish you constant joy and happiness every day.

51、这辈子有你，我真的很开心，很高兴；圣诞有你，我将感到无忧无虑，幸福美满；亲爱的，圣诞节到了，祝愿你节日快乐！Always beautiful as a fairy.

52. Watch a snow playing the beautiful protagonist, listen to a snow playing the white music, kiss a snow collecting every happy moment of you, the white world, there will be no hypocrisy, the white world, I wish you a happy white Christmas

53. Dear teacher, Christmas let my soft blessings turn into the whispers around you into a sea of ​​happiness, surrounding you, wishing you happiness and health, and a happy family!

54. The warmth is Christmas Eve, the happy is Christmas, the melodious is the sound of deer rings, the brightness is the colorful lights, the softness is the concern, the warmth is the heart of friends, the busyness is the sound of text messages, and the happiness is the blessing.Happy holidays!

55. On Christmas, I send you the "colorful" Christmas tree: I wish you a "blue" and a prosperous life, a "yellow" career, a bright and colorful life, a "purple" and a bright and beautiful life, a "white" with your lover, and a "green" mountains and green waters.Merry Christmas, my friend!

56. Yesterday, I may have been ignorant, or stubborn, which made you worry and worry; today I have been trusting myself and sticking to the end, please rest assured, please rest assured, please; the message is simple and short, and I wish you a long and happy Christmas, teacher, a happy Christmas!

57. On the occasion of Christmas in [20XX], I wish my dear teacher good health!Happy forever!

58. No matter whether the gift is expensive or not, it carries your love, only your love is what I think is the most precious thing.

59. Merry Christmas, I sincerely wish you a happy and lucky year!

60. There is a kind of fate that makes people cherish, a kind of gratitude that always keeps you in mind, a kind of longing forever, and a kind of voice that looks forward to seeing you. All the tacit understanding does not need to be passed on, and all the words are full of blessings: Merry Christmas, happiness forever!

61. I like you for a long time. I really want to go waltz with you on this Christmas Eve. I leaned beside you and said softly, I like you very much.Merry Christmas.

62. Wanted order: An old man has white beard and red robe. Today he will sneak into the residents' homes at night to place deadly items that make people happy. Those who find out, please call the police quickly and call the police secretly: Merry Christmas!You will receive lifelong happiness as a reward.

63. Miss your smile, miss your coat, miss your white socks, full of Christmas gifts.

64. Although Christmas blessings are in short supply, it is most effective to give you first. Christmas gifts are very popular. Smile when you receive the gift. Christmas WeChat is very busy. Good luck will come with WeChat. Christmas blessings will change, and the happiness index will turn high. Just a Merry Christmas!

65. Christmas becomes romantic because of you; stars become bright because of you; elk becomes cute because of you; carol becomes cheerful because of you; Santa becomes more diligent because of you.On Christmas, I send you my most pious blessing: May happiness be with you and happiness be with you!

66. Purple snowflakes, white winter, red Christmas, and warm season. In this quiet moment, I wish you a Merry Christmas in advance!

67. On the occasion of the arrival of the winter solstice, I send you ten blessings to you: one point of warmth, two points of enthusiasm, three points of nostalgia, four points of prayer, five points of happiness, six points of health, seven points of beauty, eight points of good luck, nine points of wealth, plus ten points of honesty!Fill another car with happiness and let peace lead the way, abandon all worries and let happiness embrace you, store all the warmth and drive away the cold, release the true feelings of life and let happiness smile at you forever!I wish you a happy winter solstice!

68. On the windy morning, on the warm afternoon, on the gorgeous dusk, on the meteor night, I pray that all the beauty in the world belongs to you, and I wish you a Merry Christmas!

69. The blue sky is paper, the cold wind is pen, and wishes are ink. On Christmas Eve, sincere blessings are pointed out.Draw happiness, add good luck, offer happiness, and give it to you who are reading the message.I wish you happiness forever, good luck forever, and happiness forever.

70. The bright snowflakes bloom with joy; the long bells convey auspiciousness; the strings of ringtones reveal beauty; the lights outline happiness; the greetings convey feelings and friendship; every blessing comes from the heart: Merry Christmas, friends!

71. If I could celebrate Christmas with you every year, I would like to exchange it with my whole life’s love.

72. Christmas embodies an indescribable romance; snowflakes weave a flawless beauty; text messages convey a sincere blessing: May you have a Merry Christmas, happiness and peace!

73. Socks are filled with "good luck", stoves are burning "auspicious", chimneys are floating away are "sorrowful clouds", and Christmas trees illuminate "happiness".I send you blessings on Christmas Eve, wishing you peace, happiness and eternal!

74. On Christmas Eve, I made a wish to Santa Claus: When you put on your socks tomorrow morning, I hope that no matter how smelly your feet are, I can receive the full blessings I asked Santa Claus to bring you to you, warming your heart and feet!

75. The days ahead are a little sad. There are no apples on Christmas Eve, no gifts on Christmas, no cakes on birthdays, and no holidays on New Year’s Day.

76. Call me dear teacher![20XX] Christmas, students wish you happiness forever!

77. I am most destined to be with you in my life. How can I spend Christmas with you? I can’t fall asleep every night. I can send my blessing text message to welcome Christmas with more fun!Merry Christmas Eve!

78. I will give you a Christmas tree full of gifts. The biggest and brightest star on the top is my sincerity. The one hanging below is my infatuation. The one that makes the material is my unchanging heart: Merry Christmas!

79. Candies are sweet, trees are green, and care is warm.The text message is short, the longing is long, and the blessing is warm.Christmas Eve, have a happy Christmas, have a happy Christmas, remember to keep warm and have a healthy Christmas.

80. For us, the happiness is nothing more than having parents who understand us. I have obtained this kind of happiness and have never lost it. On a peaceful Christmas Eve, I want to say to you: Thank you!Merry Chrismas!

81. May the joy of Christmas linger in your heart.

82. The Christmas bell is about to ring, the fallen leaves are flying, the warmth is overflowing, the true love is rippling, and blessings are accompanied by. How many sleepless nights are not as happy and happy as today's Christmas Eve, warming this different night.

83. Your peace is my wish, your sincerity is my happiness, and the gift I give you is: You and I will meet soon!

84. The bright sunshine shines brightly, I wish you good health and good Christmas!

85. I won’t accept gifts during the holiday this year, but I can actually give it some.Don’t dislike it if you spend ten or eight yuan, you can get it by one hundred or eight yuan.If you really have nothing to send, you can just send a text message.Merry Christmas!

86. On Christmas, plant a Christmas tree for you, and irrigate it with friendship, it can produce the root of sincerity, the buds of care, the leaves of gratitude, the crown of health, the fruit of happiness, and the flowers of happiness!

87. Christmas is coming, I will send you a song, sing life, I will send you a poem, poetic dream, I will send you a bouquet of flowers, flowers, love, I will send you a cup of tea, the fragrance of tea, and a blessing, I will wish you good health, a text message, wishing you a happy Christmas.

88. The cold winter is ruthless and people are affectionate, but their concerns do not stop. After Christmas Eve of the Winter Solstice, Christmas blessings are in progress, and friends are constantly missing each other, and a greeting is warm.New Year’s Day greetings are presented first, and happiness and warmth are forever.happy holidays!

89. An old man often sneaks into residents' homes with white beards and red robes at night to place deadly items that make people happy. If you find them, please call the police quickly and call the police secretly: Merry Christmas!You will receive lifelong happiness as a reward.

90. Bring your heart into a beautiful butterfly and stop by your pillow tonight. When the moment you wake up tomorrow, it will leave peace, happiness and happiness in every day of your future. I wish you a happy Christmas!

91. I haven’t given you a long time to greet you, and I haven’t given you a long time to give you a blessing; today, I wish you a Merry Christmas with Christmas Day!A happy and peaceful life, always be happy, and live happily for a lifetime.Merry Christmas!

92. The kindness of the father is high, but the kindness of the mother is hard to repay, and the kindness of the teacher is also unrewarded.He is a candle, burning himself and lighting us.Today is Christmas, let us wish all teachers in the world a happy holiday and a peaceful life.

93. Santa Claus sends good luck, and the sleigh carries peace and health.The deer rushes all the way, and Christmas gifts fill the wealth.On the side of Christmas Snowman Street, I wish you good and kind face.The bright sunshine is shining and glorious, I wish you good health on Christmas!

94. Riding the winter wind to you, stop the chill from harassing you, and scattering your worries and sorrows, just to make you laugh before the festival comes.A true love always stays in the heart. On the occasion of Christmas, I wish you happiness in advance!

95. The most happy thing is that when you are thinking about someone and someone is thinking about you and you just want to say to you: Merry Christmas, I am thinking about you.

96. When you receive the message, you have to laugh. Good luck will embrace you. Good luck will make you around you. Happiness will accompany you to dance. Happiness will be thrown away by you. Whether the information is reliable or not depends on whether you smile.I wish you a happy Christmas!

97. Heroes are all ordinary in ancient times; beauty faces, teach heroes to take the country; the sky is cold, the setting sun is wind and sand is pouring on the long river; snow is flying, and a pear blossom is safe; looking at the eyes, good luck and well-being are all today; on Christmas, playing the piano and drinking and having fun together; on Christmas, happiness has arrived in front of your home; warm greetings are warm, friendship is endless; wishing you, Merry Christmas, and happiness is endless!

98. Fireworks need not be said, they will surely bloom in the night sky; why do you need to praise the blessings? They will definitely be delivered on time.The moment the Christmas bell rings, good luck, good luck, happiness, warmth, romance, everything belongs to you, please sign for it!

99. The flowers fade and bloom again, and the students leave and come again, and they just don’t think of you today. They miss you very much today. Thank you for your careful teaching. May you be happy and healthy and a happy Christmas!

100. If you can stay with you quietly, it will be the most precious gift from Santa Claus; if you can hear your wonderful voice, it will be my happiest moment of the year. Happy Christmas Eve!

101. Christmas Eve, report your peace, today is Christmas.After Christmas it is New Year's Day, we will be together to welcome the "two eggs"."Double Eggs" roll until 10th, and you will be happy every year.I wish you a happy year and a happy day!

102. The fire gradually warmed the room and warmed my swaying thoughts; the jewelry decorated the windows and decorated my beautiful dreams; the greeting cards made this season and my deep blessings.Close your eyes and make a wish. I just want to be by your side this Christmas Eve.Merry Christmas!

103. Be a Christmas messenger, repay you with peace, be a Christmas Santa Claus, send you happiness; be an angel of love in your dreams, sow happiness to you; be an omnipotent god, realize your wishes!Merry Christmas, make a wish now!

家园配合共同矫正孩子恋物行为

案例描述：开学第一天嘉嘉很早就来幼儿园了。她抱着妈妈的脖子，两眼含着泪花和妈妈说：“再见”。手却始终抱得紧紧的。在老师地安慰下才坐到椅子上。嘉嘉哭着说：“我要小枕头，我要小枕头。”我一边帮她擦拭泪水一边帮她找来了小枕头。嘉嘉接过枕头紧紧的抱在怀里。无论是洗手、吃饭、上厕所、睡觉都抱着枕头，一直到活动结束都没离开过自己。

片段二

午睡中，其他孩子差不多都入睡了，但是嘉嘉久久不能入睡，只见她不停坐起、躺下、翻身，时而“啊，啊”哭两声，其实她是寻找着妈妈为她睡觉准备的枕头。当我把枕头给她时，她脸上露出了淡淡的笑容。只见她把枕头的一角含在嘴里、不停地咬着，一会儿便呼呼入睡了。等我去拿掉枕头时，枕头的一端已经湿透了。

片段三

入园一周后，我把妈妈放在幼儿园的枕头藏了起来。早上来园时还可以，但一到午睡时间，她还是翻来覆去寻找枕头，迟迟不能入睡。“啊、啊”哭声不断。我告诉她“枕头宝宝很脏，拿去洗了，”，听完后，她把自己蒙在毛巾毯里，“呜、呜”一阵后睡着了。

在随后的几天里，我都没有拿枕头出来，孩子每到午睡时间，总表现的很不安，时而会咬咬毯子，随后也能安然入睡，时间都要晚于同伴。

案例分析：

从以上三个片断中看出：托班的孩子，他们第一次离开家人，到完全陌生的环境中时就会出现一些“异常”的反应。其最常见的形式就是哭，此外还会出现不愿大小便、喝水少、吃饭难、不参与教师组织的游戏活动、对某一物品特别依恋等多种不适应行为。只要我们教师善于把握教育契机，注重孩子的个性差异，善于观察，设计符合孩子刚入园时心理特征的游戏活动以及温馨和谐的环境创设。同时更要注重营造宽松的心理环境。老师一句亲切的话语、一个和蔼关切的动作都能给焦虑孩子得到一点安慰。使孩子在集体中感到自由、亲切、有序。这样就能使孩子对物品依恋逐步转移，让他们快快乐乐的适应幼儿园生活。

1、家园配合，共同矫正孩子“恋物”行为

首先，我们注重与孩子家庭进行沟通。针对嘉嘉的“恋物”行为表现专门和父母进行深入的交流，让家长了解“恋物”行为的利弊，更明确其长期发展可能产生的不利影响，达成逐步矫正宝宝“恋物”行为的共识。其次，请家长们花更多的时间陪伴孩子的入睡过程，在孩子入睡前或孩子急切地需要该物时，分散孩子的注意力，而不再是让宝宝独自抱“恋物”入睡，使孩子渐渐减少对该物的依恋，使恋物习惯慢慢被纠正。

2、“忽视”恋物行为，转移注意

所谓“忽视”指的是教师或成人在动作、言语等行为上对孩子关注程度的适当减弱，其表现为注重引导，不加以刻意的分离，不再时时刻刻的要求孩子放弃，对“恋物”视之而不见，“忽视”它的存在。在来园时止住哭声的办法也不再是使用枕头，而是提供有趣的玩具、邀请她一起参加活动。在午睡时，我们可以通过眼神、安抚等动作帮助她入睡。

3、注意循序渐进，逐步矫正

2、3岁是孩子依恋最强的时期，也是孩子处于依恋关系的明确期，安全的依恋关系曾伴随着宝宝的健康成长，但是随着宝宝年龄的增长，“恋物”的发展会造成社会交往及生活的困难。因此，我们也要采取逐步的矫正措施，不断然要求孩子马上远离“恋物”，更要注意循序渐进的原则。随着宝宝对入园新环境的适应，对“分离焦虑”的淡化，我们更多得帮助宝宝们参加有趣的游戏活动，帮助宝宝们同伴间进行简单的交流与交往，更多得给予孩子关注，帮助他们走出“恋物情结”。

依恋情结与宝宝的人生

一般小儿在6个月-岁半这段时间内非常怕生人，怕与母亲或其他经常照料他的人分开，表现出明显的依恋。

依恋是婴儿与抚养者之间一种积极的、充满深情的感情联结，在它的形成过程中正反映了小儿认识能力不断发展的过程。

婴儿自出生时就开始了和父母尤其是母亲的交往关系。

最初，主要是父母对婴儿的本能反射，如哭、吮吸等做出应答性反应，即抱、抚摸、喂奶等照料行为。这种交往不仅能使婴儿的生理需要得到满足，还使他(她)们感到舒适和安全。

随着婴儿和父母交往的增多，约在4个月后他(她)对父母的笑就会比其他人多，但此时对父母的偏爱还不明显，亲子关系还不稳定。

6-8个月时，大多数婴儿都形成了对父母特殊的、明显的依恋，建立了稳定的亲子关系，同时对陌生人产生恐惧。

当然，每个孩子形成的依恋类型是不一样的。一般来说，依恋有三种类型：

大多数小儿的依恋类型是安全型的。

这类小儿与母亲在一起时能安静地玩，母亲在场能使小儿感到足够的安全，此时他对陌生人的反应比较积极，能在陌生的环境中进行积极的探索和操作。

这类小儿并不总是依偎在母亲身旁，当母亲离开时，他(她)的活动会受影响，并明显表现出不安和寻找，但当母亲重又回来时，他会立即寻求与母亲的接触，并很容易地平静下来继续玩儿。

另有一种为不安全的依恋类型。

这种小儿非常怕与母亲分开，每当母亲将要离开时就显得很警惕，如果母亲要离开他(她)，他(她)就会表现出极高的反抗，会大哭大叫，但当母亲回来后，他(她)对母亲的态度又是矛盾的，既寻求与母亲接触，又反抗与母亲接触，即使是和母亲在一起，他(她)也不感到安全，也不能积极地进行活动。

还有一种是回避型的或叫无依恋类型。

这类小儿母亲在不在场都无所谓，即使欢迎母亲的到来也是很短暂的，他(她)对母亲的离开及回来没有什么特别的反应，接受陌生人的安慰就像接受母亲的安慰一样，这种是没有对母亲形成特殊的依恋。

以上三种类型的依恋，前一种为良好的、积极的依恋；后两种为消极的、不良的依恋。

如果父母亲从小就能够精心地照顾小儿，与小儿密切接触，绝大多数小儿都会形成安全的依恋，个别小儿即使开始有些不安全依恋，也会逐渐转变成安全的依恋。

这种安全的依恋，可使小儿在活动中有安全感，使他(她)能在不同的环境中去探索、学习，可更好地促进小儿的心理、智力发育。

小儿时期的安全依恋还将导致一个人在成人后对人信赖、自我信任，并能成功地依恋自己的同伴和后代，与人们形成良好的人际关系。

也就是说，从小良好的亲子关系对一个人今后的生活有重要的影响。

儿童恋物癖问题

导读：儿童恋物癖真正的危害在于背后隐藏的不安全感诱发的回避集体活动、不敢与人交往、表情淡漠，最终导致社交恐怖症。

6岁的佳佳有个怪癖，从1岁起，她每天都和熊娃娃“形影不离”。前天，湘雅二医院心理门诊心理学专家尹岩博士诊断说，佳佳的行为是一种典型的儿童恋物癖，绝非个别。

这其实是一种轻微的孤独症。

无论是到亲戚家做客、外出旅行或者上幼儿园，熊娃娃都是佳佳的第一宝贝，必须随身携带，紧紧地抱在怀里。如果发现熊宝宝不在身边，她立刻就会烦躁不安。佳佳的爸爸曾留学美国，他认为这没什么大不了的，应该顺其自然。佳佳的妈妈却不苟同丈夫的观点，因为在幼儿园里，佳佳经常搂着小熊一个人独自发呆。她担心这样发展下去，佳佳很难融入复杂的社会环境。夫妻二人各执一词，前天来到了湘雅二医院心理门诊寻求答案。

尹岩博士诊断说，佳佳的行为是一种典型的儿童恋物癖，绝非个别，家长无需强行制止。因为在心理成长的过程中，每个儿童或多或少会对某种物品产生一定的依恋，可能与其幼年经历中缺失安全感有关。这是较正常的现象，并不会产生不良影响。

儿童恋物癖真正的危害在于背后隐藏的不安全感诱发的回避集体活动、不敢与人交往、表情淡漠，最终导致社交恐怖症。

尹岩说，很多白领阶层教育子女的方式逐渐西化，他们过多地注重子女的智力潜能的开发，忽略了亲子互动，这些孩子在情感上是孤独而脆弱的，不得不借助身边熟悉的物品来排遣寂寞和无助，儿童的恋物癖其实是一种轻微的孤独症。专家表示，儿童的恋物癖是可以通过一定心理咨询进行干预，主要是消除内心的不安全感，创造一个开放、温暖、互动的家庭环境，转移其注意力。

孩子应该有同情心

导读：当孩子有打人咬人虐待小动物等行为时，不能听之任之，更不能纵容鼓励，而要告诉他，打人，别人会疼的，“如果小朋友打你，你会不会疼？”要告诉孩子，小动物、植物也是有生命的，“你把它撕烂了，它会哭的”。用这样的方法一点一点培养出孩子的同情心，培养他的安慰行为能力，从而使他学会在别人碰到问题的时候，去安慰他、帮助他。

宝宝说

我喜欢撕扯家里养的花啊草啊，总是把漂亮的植物撕得乱七八糟。我还喜欢我们家的小猫，我总是把它的毛拽得一撮一撮掉下来，拽得小猫直叫唤。跟小朋友在一起的时候，我也喜欢拿手打他们，拿嘴咬他们。

妈妈说

我家宝宝就是喜欢动手。他似乎天生有一种攻击欲望。有时候他打了爸爸的左脸，爸爸还把右脸也伸过来让他打。我想，孩子还小，让他自由放纵一下也没什么吧。这样等他上了幼儿园，也不至于被人欺负。

专家说

孩子在还不会说话的时候，有个阶段常常会咬人、打人，这时候他是在发展他的口、齿和手的功能。但这个时候如果不进行正确的引导，孩子就可能朝着错误的方向越走越远，变得缺乏同情心，养成自私、冷漠的性格。这不是正向的培养方向，也会使人在社会中处于孤立状态，难以融洽与他人的关系，不利于其发展。

因此，当孩子有上述行为时，不能听之任之，更不能纵容鼓励，而要告诉他，打人，别人会疼的，“如果小朋友打你，你会不会疼？”要告诉孩子，小动物、植物也是有生命的，“你把它撕烂了，它会哭的”。用这样的方法一点一点培养出孩子的同情心，培养他的安慰行为能力，从而使他学会在别人碰到问题的时候，去安慰他、帮助他。

从同一个起点，迈向不同的方向，带给孩子的，也是不同的未来。

什么是安慰行为？

安慰行为指我们觉察到他人的消极情绪状态，如烦恼、哭泣等，并试图通过语言或行动帮助他人消除消极情绪状态，变得高兴起来的行为。

安慰行为是关心他人的一种表现。其产生基于儿童对他人的情绪具有理解能力，同时要有关心他人的意识，也就是同情心。

安慰与助人、分享、合作行为，是人儿童亲社会行为发展的重要方面。

安慰行为对宝宝的未来有什么意义？

安慰行为对宝宝顺利融入社会、协调人际关系至关重要。安慰行为能力发展好的孩子，富有同情心，能避免形成自私、任性、冷漠等不良个性，成年后能更好地融入社会，建立良好的人际关系。

如果只重视孩子智力的发展、知识的学习，忽视了其亲社会行为的教育与引导，则会导致孩子的不良个性，不利于其身心健康。

1—1.5岁是儿童安慰行为能力发展的第一个关键期。因此，父母要在这个阶段有意识地培养孩子的安慰行为能力。

怎样培养宝宝的安慰行为能力？

在游戏中培养。著名儿童教育家陈鹤琴曾说过：游戏是培养儿童高级情感的最好途径。如：在“学做事”的游戏中，由孩子扮演爸爸、妈妈、宝宝等各种角色，享受做大人的“特权”，扮爸爸妈妈的，要做大人应干的事，打扫卫生、做饭、上班……而扮演宝宝的把平时的拖拖拉拉、撒娇也认认真真地表现出来。“爸爸”、“妈妈”觉得“宝宝”真难管。这种转换角色的游戏，让孩子很容易地站在对方的角度来理解、体谅自己的爸爸妈妈，爱父母的感情也会由此加深。

在榜样模仿中培养。同情心不是靠强行灌输而在一夜之间培养出来的，需要的是自然而然的模仿、潜移默化的渗透，是从外在到内心，从量变到质变的过程。父母永远是孩子的第一任老师，因此，家长要重视自身的情感修养，以良好的行为去激发孩子的美好情感。另外，还要善于从周围人中找到具体的榜样，或在专门的儿童早教图书、电视中，为宝宝寻找富有同情心的榜样，创造时机让宝宝去学习、去模仿，培养他的同情心。

在日常生活中随时随机培养。从日常生活小事入手，随机对宝宝进行同情心的教育，从而把一时的、个别的、短暂的同情行为转化为内在的、自觉化的品质。例如在游乐场玩的时候，一个小朋友跌倒了，要及时鼓励自己的孩子去拍拍他、拉拉他。当他看到小朋友在他的安慰下不哭了，就会获得内心的成就感，进而促使他强化这种安慰行为。